مدیریت جراحی غدد
جراحی غدد دهانی
Proximal submandibular stones may be removed by widening or cutting Wharton's duct and transoral approach..
Stones in the submandibular duct may be removed through an incision in the floor of the mouth, while stones in the glandular substance may require removal of the gland..
CT-assisted sialendoscopy or lithotripsy is now usually used whenever possible with the aim of better preserving glandular function..
Those who have had salivary stones are more likely to experience them again. Currently, there are no evidence-based prevention methods. Maintaining good hydration helps saliva production and can reduce the risk of recurrence.
Treatment of sialadenosis
Sialadenosis is a general inflammation of the salivary glands that is caused by hypertrophy of the acinar component of the gland and is associated with a number of systemic diseases.. درمان سیالادنوز به علت اصلی بستگی دارد. The most common degenerative disease affecting the salivary glands is Sjögren's syndrome, which is an autoimmune condition.. ترجیحاً غده پاروتید را تحت تأثیر قرار می دهد، اما ممکن است غدد بزاقی زیر فکی و جزئی و معمولاً غدد اشکی را نیز تحت تأثیر قرار می دهد.
Sjögren's syndrome may be associated with other systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or primary biliary sclerosis..
Other causes of sialdenosis include::
- bulimia
- Anorexia
- Celiac disease and malnutrition
- Sarcoidosis and Hereford syndrome
- Drug-induced – eg, thiourea, anticholinergics
- Endocrine disorders such as Cushing's syndrome, diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism
Treatment of Sjogren's syndrome
در بیماران مبتلا به سندرم شوگرن که مشکوک به تشخیص است، توصیه میشود به روماتولوژی مراجعه کنند. Good dental care is essential to prevent tooth decay. Parasympathetic drugs, such as pilocarpine, can be used to treat decreased salivation and dry mouth. Despite the widespread use of these products for symptom relief, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend topical stimulants, lubricants, and preservatives.. Tuberculosis is rarely done.
The risk of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is increased in early Sjogren's syndrome . It may be difficult to diagnose it in the context of persistent parotid inflammation.
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Treatment of salivary gland tumors
Malignant salivary gland tumors are rare and most neoplasms are benign.
- Stabilization on the skin
- Rapid increase in the size of the inflation
- Ulcers or stiffness of the mucous membrane or skin
- Paresthesia or anesthesia of related sensory nerves
- Previous history of skin cancer, Sjogren's syndrome or radiation to the head and neck
However, all salivary inflammations require immediate referral and investigation.
Ultrasound is the first investigation, usually combined with fine-needle aspiration for cytology or core-needle biopsy where the tumor is seen.. MRI gives more information about tumor margin and staging, while CT scan and positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) Used to determine metastatic spread.
Tumors generally require removal and surgery. Postoperative radiotherapy may be required for malignant salivary gland tumors.
Read more:
Treatment of salivary gland obstruction
Treatment and management of salivary gland disorders
